Education in Nigeria

Education in Nigeria

Education in Nigeria is generally stratified into three sectors, which are primary ,high school or secondary education and tertiary education. In this sense, early childhood protection and development (or pre-primary education) is considered part of basic education but is specialized for young children who are not yet in primary school age. Adult and non-formal education can be part of basic education, or can transcend it, because it can reach the post-basic level. Even within the bases, post-elementary and even higher education, technical / vocational education is a subset.

Teacher training is also a subset of higher education. Now we will start consider pre-school, primary (elementary), elementary and upper secondary (post-elementary) and higher education.

Preschool education

In most Nigerian schools, preschool education consists of a kindergarten, a play group and a kindergarten. Kindergarten sections follow a combination or selection of the UK curriculum, the International Primary Curriculum (IPC) and the Nigerian curriculum.

At the preschool and preschool levels, first graders are formed into play groups and learn to identify shapes, colors and numbers. The letters of the alphabet are introduced to them carefully and gradually, and through the use of teaching aids and fun learning, they are taught to read and write smoothly. They are also taught to understand the world around them, morals, basic hygiene and cleanliness, the arts, music and science.

 Primary education

Basic education should be free and compulsory for Nigerian children.It begins at the age of six and includes six years of primary education. Subjects taught at primary level include mathematics, English, religious knowledge, basic science and technology and one of the the three main Nigerian languages ​​(Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba). The principal objective education instills functional and mathematical literacy, developing the ability to communicate effectively and improve positive attitudes towards cooperation lifelong learning and development of Nigerian children.

The curriculum for the first six years of basic education is discipline-based and meets the objectives of primary education. Seven main themes are specified in the Curriculum. These are linguistic arts, elementary sciences, mathematics, social studies, cultural arts, agriculture and home economics. Assessment of students in The level of primary education is now achieved through a continuous assessment system, such as the primary school leaving exam has been abolished. Therefore, Nigerian children must have a continuous and unbroken line of education for nine years from primary school to the third year of lower secondary educationschool.

The level of basic secondary education includes three years of school after primary education. The program at this level is both pre-professional and academic. It is designed to enable students to gain more knowledge and develop skills. The core curriculum includes English, Mathematics, MajorLanguage taught as a second language, basic sciences and technologies, humanities and citizenship education (civics). Optional pre-professional courses include agriculture, home economics, business studies, local crafts and computer training.

Optional non-pre-professional courses include creative arts (music and fine arts), religious and moral education, physical and health education and Arabic. Students are expected take a minimum of 10 and a maximum of 13 subjects, including all major subjects.

Students must take assessment tests for all of these subjects .Those who pass the tests will receive certificates of scientific maturity. Students who complete basic secondary education enroll in high schools, technical institutes or vocational training centers offering three-year programs are able to obtain national technical / commercial certificates. The next student Education levels will be based on the results of assessment tests to be determined your academic ability, skills and professional interest. However, most students and parents prefer high schools to technical institutes or vocational schools.

 Post-secondary or senior  secondary education

The general objective of secondary education within the framework of general national objectives is prepare students for higher education and lead a responsible life society. After completing nine years of basic education, most students progress the post-elementary level, called upper secondary education, for a period of three years.Upper secondary education has a diverse curriculum, with subjects designed to broaden students’ knowledge and perspective on life. The language of instruction is English for all secondary school classes, except for special courses which require it another language. Each student takes six core subjects, plus a minimum of two a maximum of three from the list of optional subjects. In short, they must take a file at least eight subjects but not more than nine. The main subjects are English; mathematics; an important Nigerian language; an elective course in biology, chemistry, physics or integrated science; an elective course in English literature, history, geography or social studies; and agricultural sciences or a professional subject. One of All three elective courses can be dropped during the last year of high school Classes. The promotion of students from one class to another is determined by a combination of continuous assessment scores and end-of-course exams. the The secondary school certificate exam is taken during the last year of secondary school

education and a certificate is issued upon successful completion of a national exam, conducted by the West African Examining Board or the National Board of Exams.

Tertiary education

Higher education in Nigeria is provided by universities and educational institutionsand polytechnics. The duration of university studies varies from three to seven academic sessions, depending on the nature of the program. An academic The session consists of nine months, divided into two semesters of 15 to 18 weeks each.

The first year entry requirement in most colleges is a high school minimum Ordinary level general education examination certificate / certificate with six Credits up to two sessions or five credits in one session, including English Language and math, although math is not compulsory for everyone Classes. In addition to the obligation of admission to a higher level of higher education establishments, a minimum limit of 180 and more than a maximum of 400 JAMB (Joint Admission and Enrollment Board) entrance exam results  necessary. Universities produce a high-level workforce in various fields. to exist conventional universities that produce graduates in the fields of pure and applied sciences and arts. There are also specialized universities that produce graduates in their areas of expertise. In the latter category, are universities of technology,  agricultural universities and a military university.There are also polytechnics, which train mid-level technicians Workforce. They issue national certificates and diplomas, namely: the National  Diploma (ND), issued after two years of study after high school school; and the Higher National Diploma (HND), awarded after two additional years Classes. Students must have at least one year of industrial liaison thereafter obtain the ND and before taking the HND course. There are also educational faculties that produce an average workforce in teacher training. Schools, under the supervision of the National Council of Colleges of Education, offers three-year programs. Those who complete the program get the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE), which is the minimum educational qualification in Country. In addition, the National Institute of Teachers some polytechnics in the country offer teacher training programs for an NCE qualification. In addition, all conventional universities offer teacher training. programs for a bachelor’s degree in education with a specialization in several courses topics.

In addition private school play a very important role in the educational system in Nigeria, they offer the best form of education from preschool to tertiary institution because they provide the best stable learning environment for Nigerian student, but the only disadvantage is that they are more expensive when compared to public schools in Nigeria.